Competency Framework in Prescribing - Free Essay Example

Communication between the doctor and the patient determines the success of the consultation. Hence, there is a high correlation between medical outcomes and the consultation that exist between medical practitioners and patients. Point to note is that patients are not only physically ill or distressed emotionally but also are likely to be suffering from both conditions exclusively. During the consultation process it is hard to determine whether both states prevails or not. Therefore, the medical practitioner, is required to use the skills attained in the medical training to learn the prevailing condition. Being keen and listening to the patient is what the doctor is expected to show in the commencement of the treating of the patient. Moreover, the medical practitioner will determine while noting whether the patient is physical or emotionally distressed or even both.it goes without to mention that the medical practitioner is required to involve the patient actively in the process (Shirley 2012). Traditionally medical consultation did not evidently show the involvement but till lately the status quo where the society and health sector has embraced the changes. Also, the reduction in the risk factors has been emphasized mostly, to persuade the patients to embrace the preventive measures and convince them to avoid risks to their health. Consequently, most of the patients have shown the urge to know more than they see some issues(Dean 2013).Additionally, they have demonstrated the need to be involved in the decisions concerning their welfare and treatment in that matter. This decides the probabilities of the success in the treatment and probably the side effects of the medical treatment. However, some patients decide to leave the decision making of their health to the medical practitioners. Though this is right, but it is crucial and advisable to be the part of patient treatment. When the decision is left on the doctors freedom, he or she has supposed to advice accordingly the patient on the probabilities of success and the side effects as well (PSNC 2013) Worth to note, while building the relationship between the patient and the doctor, the medical practitioner is expected to greet the patient and welcome them warmly, and if possible would be appropriate to greet them by their name. This creates a good a rapport and the patient ha s the feeling of belonging in the medical facility. Next, the medical practitioner is expected to observe and detect any emotional distress and respond accordingly (Shirley 2012). That said, the medical practitioner now is involved in keen listening to the patient noting down the physical and psychological distresses that they may be prevailing in their reach of treatment. Also, the medical practitioner takes the data from the patient noting them down without interruption. Consequently, creates trust and confidence, crucial to the treatment process. The patient gets the first impression from the medical practitioner by the rapport they build by listening to their health matters. That said, the doctor brings forth the detailed explanatory design to get more of what the patient expects from him or her, it involves considering additional factors to assist in making decision. Finally, the medical practitioner will give a comprehensive understanding about the issues raised by the pati ent and share with the patient (Selye 2011) A management plan is provided by ensuring the appropriate information is available to the patient and reassure the dependency of the info. Moreover, the proposal created should be negotiable, to give the patient the freedom to express them on the likelihood of attaining every set goal in the plan. Also, further consultations are made by creating more links (Kvinkina 2010) Better medical practice requires that any practitioner must work and recognize the limits at which ones competence has reached. Also keeping the skills and knowledge gained up to date (Murray 2002).Hence developing and maintaining skills and knowledge in pharmacology is required.in addition, medicine management, and prescribing expertise is essential in the ones skills of prescribing. Prescribing safety can be improved by use of electronic system whereby for instance you highlight the interactions as well as the allergies accompanied by your prescription (Dean 20 13). Also, compatibility and consistency of the medicine prescribed, administered and supplied are of importance in the practice.it is critical to note that the medicine and healthcare regulatory bodies provide the information to support the use of medicine that is safe, as well as the medication you tend to prescribe. Therefore, for safe prescribing of medicine, clinical governance creates a framework in which NHS institutions can improve the safety and quality of patient services. Consequently, SFT priority is to ensure that the safety and quality of the health services to patients is preserved.in addition, every prescription is done under standards of prescribing practice. On-medical practitioners (NMPs) might prescribe in the medication range as per qualification (IP or SP) and under competence and experience (Robert 2009) In the practice of prescribing by NMPs must let the patients know that they are getting services from an NMP as well the limit at which is allowed to gi ve the prescription. The reason behind making the notifications is to ensure that the patient to some particular point is expected to be referred to another higher professional level to access more advanced health services. Clinical management plans are put in place and ensured that is followed by the letter.NMPs in case of prescription is expected to give the limit of their practice and keep the records appropriately (Marcel 2005) Prescribing practice is expected to fall under the local and international guidelines and SFT medicine policies. Hence, NMPs have to be aware of the latest BNF while prescribing.in reporting of the adverse side effects of the drugs administered must be reported using the yellow card system guidelines. Therefore, NMPs should be updated on the skills and knowledge on the prescribing to maintain the safety of the patients. The prescription must be recorded on the SFT prescriptions forms to whether in the inpatient medicine charts or the discharge summary. Although the NMP is not expected to prescribe and administer the prescription, they have written and advisable to let the other competent practitioner be involved in measuring the accuracy (PNMC 2013) Consultation and prescribing in the medical field is inevitable and forms the foundation of the treating process of the patients. Consequently, helps to build trust among the patients and medical practitioners. Therefore, knowledge and skills are required to make it a success.it is essential to that due to the rise of many cases involving misinformation given by non-medical practitioners, then the government should come up with strict rules and regulations to curb the cruel practices. References Marcel. D. (2005). Dietary Suppliments.McGraw-Hill.New York. Shirley F. Barbara J. (2012). Health Professionals Style Manual.? Robert W. (2009). Successful Scientific Writing: Guide for the Biological and Medical Sciences.? Murray P Rosenthal K, (2002). Medical Microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby. Dean.W. (2013).Smart Drugs and Nutrients; Santa cruz.p222. Sokolowaska.M. (2011).Medicine and Society, Problemy. Kvankina.E (2010).Body Resistance and Adaptions, Rostov State University, p126. Selye.H. (2011).Stress Without Distress.Toronto.Stewart. Standards for medicines management, NMC, Sept 2012 Prescribing Rights PSNC, June 2013

Make a Simple Weather Barometer

People predicted the weather back in ye good olde days before Doppler radar and GOES satellites using simple instruments. One of the most useful instruments is a barometer, which measures air pressure or barometric pressure. You can make your own barometer using everyday materials and then try to forecast the weather yourself. Barometer Materials glass, jar, or canplastic wrapa strawrubber bandindex card or lined notebook papertapescissors Construct the Barometer Cover the top of your container with plastic wrap. You want to create an airtight seal and a smooth surface.Secure the plastic wrap with a rubber band. The most important part of making the barometer is getting a good seal around the rim of the container.Lay the straw over the top of the wrapped container so that about two-thirds of the straw is over the opening.Secure the straw with a piece of tape.Either tape an index card to the back of the container or else set up your barometer with a sheet of notebook paper behind it.Record the location of the straw on your card or paper.Over time the straw will move up and down in response to changes in air pressure. Watch the movement of the straw and record the new readings. How the Barometer Works High atmospheric pressure pushes on the plastic wrap, causing it to cave in. The plastic and the taped section of straw sink, causing the end of the straw to tilt up. When atmospheric pressure is low, the pressure of the air inside the can is higher. The plastic wrap bulges out, raising the taped end of the straw. The edge of the straw falls until it comes to rest against the rim of the container. Temperature also affects atmospheric pressure so your barometer needs a constant temperature in order to be accurate. Keep it away from a window or other places that experience temperature changes. Predicting the Weather Now that you have a barometer you can use it to help predict the weather. Weather patterns are associated with regions of high and low atmospheric pressure. Rising pressure is associated with dry, cool, and calm weather. Dropping pressure forecasts rain, wind, and storms. Quickly-rising pressure that starts from average or high pressure during fair weather indicates a low-pressure cell is approaching. You can expect the pressure to start to fall as poor weather approaches.Quickly rising pressure (over a few hours or a couple of days) after a period of low pressure means you can expect a short period of good weather.Slowly rising barometric pressure (over a week or so) indicates good weather that will stick around a while.Slowly falling pressure indicates the presence of a nearby low-pressure system. Changes in your weather are unlikely at this time.If the pressure continues to drop slowly you can expect a long period of bad (as opposed to sunny and clear) weather.A sudden drop in pressure (over a few hours) indicates an approaching storm (usually arriving within 5-6 hours). The storm probably involves wind and precipitation, but wont last long.

My Experience With A Internship Experience - 913 Words

This internship experience has been an amazing experience! I wouldn t have wanted to spend it under the wing of anyone other than Mrs. Doss. She has so many wonderful teaching abilities and has ashared so many wonderful experiences with me that I am sure anyone would be thankful for. I am grateful for each and every opportunity that has been given to me during this experience. I have learned so many great things this semester it is hard to really sit and think of them all. If I had to pick a few I would say the most important factor would be to be flexible. You are always going to have things that come up that is going to cause your plans to be pushed back or not go as planned. As a teacher you have to be ready for anything and everything, always have a plan B in your back pocket to use. Another thing that I feel I have learned that is important for any intern to know is to plan, plan, plan! Always be prepared, because if you are not it is going to show in your daily work and the students will know it. They can tell when you prepared and when you are not so take the time and plan your day out. You will be so thankful that you did. I have also learned that it is important to collaborate and get to know your fellow teachers and administrators. Befriending someone is the easiest way to begin to feel comfortable in a new area. Once you feel comfortable with on e another you can then feel comfortable to start collaborating with one another. Collaboration is key when working in aShow MoreRelatedMy Experience At The Internship1178 Words   |  5 Pagessummarize this wonderful experience I had over the summer. This internship has equipped me with skills that will be useful for a lifetime. My experience is summarized in the following categories: Choice of experience: After hearing about this experience from one of my professor in a class during my freshmen year, I knew this was something I would love doing. And soon after, I was part of the student fellowship colloquium that then leads up to the Internship. This experience gave me an opportunityRead MoreMy Experience At This Internship1561 Words   |  7 PagesAt this internship, I was able to learn many lessons. Those lessons can be applied to any field, but also give me a competitive edge when applying for jobs in the Venture Capital industry. Many of the lessons I have learned were through hearing the stories of other people who have succeeded in the industry, and give me knowledge of what to expect the next few years of my life. Knowing that others are having the same issues as me, and indecision about which field they want to pursue is comfortingRead MoreMy Experience With My Hospital Internship937 Words   |  4 PagesMy hospital internship has significantly affected my growth as a person because it opened my eyes to what the medical field truly is. When I started my internship at Staten Island University Hospital I was sixteen years old. I didn’t really know what I wanted to do I life. I knew that I wanted to be someone who could help others. The first day of my internship I was really scarred I didn’t know what tasks I would be assigned but that didn’t stop me from being excited. When I arrived at the hospitalRead MoreMy Internship And My Pre Internship Classroom Experience1428 Words   |  6 Pages During both my internship and my pre-internship classroom experience, I have had students with suspected Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). One was in the process of being diagnosed with Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder, the other was suspected to have partial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Though both students were quite different, they did share some commonalities. Both had trouble with following directions and trouble with memory. I al so had trouble reaching both in the classroom asRead MoreMy Reflection On My Internship Experience1633 Words   |  7 PagesMy internship experience did not change my view on how people learn, develop, and change, however it did validate my views. I believe that people grow at their own pace and the process cannot be rushed especially in during the therapeutic process. All my clients are different and have different needs. It was important for me to be aware of those differences during treatment. Culture is a factor that can contribute to a person’s growth. Someone who has a collective family dynamic may not be receptiveRead MoreMy Internship Experience At Related Midwest1297 Words   |  6 PagesThis report mainly focuses on my internship experience at Related Midwest. Related Midwest, the Chicago office of the Related companies, is a pre-eminent developer of luxury condominiums and rental homes, master-planned communities, mixed-use, and affordable housing in the Midwest recognized for innovation and market-defining developments for more than 25 years. Related Midwest has reshaped luxury living in Chicago through a deep-rooted history of excellence. The projects at Related areRead MoreInterning At The Tmc Head Start My Internship Experience1188 Words   |  5 PagesEDUC 6310 Final Paper Dr.Vafa May 7, 2017 Interning at the TMC Head Start My internship experience Pre-Kindergarten students it provided me with a cumulative opportunity to integrate all I had learned at University of Houston-Victoria and apply it in a practical setting. Since most of my coursework revolved around the social, emotional, and moral development of children, my paper focuses on the importance of classroom community in schools. Through journaling, observing, and working directly withRead MoreMy Internship Experience At The South Central Family Health Center961 Words   |  4 PagesMy internship experience at the South Central Family Health Center has been amazing. After this week I will have completed one month at my internship and the knowledge and experience I’ve been able to gain has helped me develop tremendously, both professionally and personally. Among the various things that I’ve been able to do at the clinic include, assisting in the implementation of the new patient portal (NEXTGEN), wor k on creating various projects with the IT department (e.g., helping prepareRead MoreMy Educational Path, Internship Experience, Community Involvement, And Academic Motivation958 Words   |  4 Pageselementary school, I developed a passion for programming. However, I was discouraged by my parents, who believed that programming was only for men. In spite of their discouragement, I still enrolled in CSE 120 because I felt inclined to revisit my long lost interest. Although I did well in the course, I stayed hesitant to follow my programming passion because of my parent s stereotype of Computer Science still lurked in my mind. It was the encouragement from Professor Snyder, who said You can certainlyRead MoreThe Challenges And Learning Experiences I Faced During My Internship At Binus Career Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pageschallenges and learning experiences I faced during my internship at BINUS Career in Jakarta, Indonesia. I spent three weeks working in the social media department, with the aim of improving their social media presence and advertising success. This project was a team based one and I worked closely with my partner on all stages of the project. As I did not have a background in human resources or marketing, the first challenge was applying my knowledge and research skills from my major in sociology to

Employee Training and Development Essay - 1084 Words

Employee Training and Career Development The objective of organizational development is to increase the long-term health and performance of the company while inspiring the lives of its employees. The emphasis is on organizational culture that influences the way people work, by removing obstacles and increasing motivation, where there is culture of continual improvement and part of everyday life. Training and organizational development empowers individual employees and leaders, and aligns shared goals and objectives. Consequently, if employees are accountable and have control over how they do their jobs this will lead to giving leaders more control over the results. Training and Organization Development – Methods and Benefits Training†¦show more content†¦In addition, training enhances skill level of workers and provides a sense of satisfaction an essential motivator. Another benefit to having trained employees is good customer relations is increased, customer satisfaction, and repeat business. In essence, better training reduces waste and machinery down time. Training increases productivity of employees and processes and good supervision with the proper training reduces costs related to waste and waiting time in the production process. Furthermore, a serious threat to an organization is high employee turnover, and training reduces staff turnover and helps a company retain staff; therefore, better training provides a company competitive advantage over others in the industry and increases an understanding of the organizational culture (Ansar, 2010). Employee and organizational development relationship The relationship between employee and organizational development are that the employees and department areas have the same goals, in which employees are learning from each other with open communication sharing facts and feelings. Decision-making is done by those with the most pertinent and direct knowledge. Customer needs are always first. Processes and structures are based on the current needs not the past, which makes organization development efficient and helps people. Consequently, employees are rewarded forShow MoreRelatedEmployee Training and Development4298 Words   |  18 PagesAbstract Employee attitudes and the inclusion of their opinions and suggestions are most important in today’s global and competitive work environment. In the business environment, we are dealing with many different generations, each having diverse wants, needs, goals, and aspirations. The more that management knows about their employee’s feelings, the easier it is to manage their behavior to help them grow and the economy will prosper. Logic and research seems to agree that front- line employeesRead MoreEmployee Training and Career Development1260 Words   |  6 PagesEmployee Training and Career Development Paper HRM/300 Patricia Meunier Muenks Employee Training and Career Development Paper Employee training and development is the key to the success of an organization. It is the role of the Human Resource department to provide employees with the information and tools needed for training and development, and to ensure the success of organizational development. Training and development of employee is benefits the organization by ensuring the organizationRead MoreEmployee Training and Career Development1390 Words   |  6 PagesEmployee Training and Career Development Melissa Allen HRM 300 February 7, 2011 Scott Harrison Employee Training and Career Development â€Å"The biggest job we have is to teach a newly hired employee how to fail intelligently. We have to train him to experiment over and over and to keep on trying and failing until he learns what will work,† (Kettering, 2010). Employee training is important in any job if an employer wants to be sure the job is done correctly. Training can help further anRead MoreEmployee Training and Career Development1147 Words   |  5 PagesEmployee Training and Career Development HRM/300 July 23, 2012 Employee Training and Career Development Employee training and career development programs are an essential function of a human resources department. Organizations need to employ workers who can adjust well to the company and appropriately train them to serve the company’s objectives. An organization uses various methods of training to ensure employees will satisfy the organizational needs of the company. A focus on employeeRead MoreEmployee Training and Development Paper1057 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Employee Training and Development Paper Employee training and development is very important in organizations. Development, orienting, and socializing will help employees get to know their new organization. New employees will go to a process that will help them adapt to their new organization. Employee orientation will be the responsibility of human resources management, and this will depend on the organization. During this process the employees would get information on the work hoursRead MoreEmployee Training And Development Plan753 Words   |  4 PagesAnnually each employee is required to complete a specific set of requirements to be qualified to remain qualified to continue employment within their place of employment. This job requires that the employee keep up with certain standards of productivity and performance to stay competitive. Most companies must require that the employee engages in job related training and development courses in specifically related to their job description. According to Landy and Conte (2013 ) development is the formalRead MoreA Review of Employee Training and Development1059 Words   |  5 PagesA review of employee training and development. Donna Heeter 4/10/2006 MGT 431 University of Phoenix Mike Anderson As we push forward into the 21st century, organizations are realizing the very real value of having high quality and focused training available to their employees. A dollar value return on investment is the reward to any organization willing to make the bold move toward provided the kind of high quality training that is becoming standard to be a cutting edge industry leader.Read MoreThe Importance Of Employee Training And Development3102 Words   |  13 Pageswhile allowing us to treat them like a VIP. 2. Employee training and development Employee training and development is what structures our business, from day one we have focused on extensive and thorough training and development. We want to make sure our departments are prepared for every possible situation with a client. Individually, we shape our hotel to be the five-star expectation we would like to achieve. It is essential that every employee is intelligent, prepared and strong enough for ourRead More Employee Training and Development Essay3231 Words   |  13 Pagesknowledge of their employees (Bach and Sisson 2000).According to Subedi (2006:90), the highest value for training as perceived by managers, supervisors and employees was the ‘need for performance improvement’. If this is true then why is it that organisations and individuals still do not invest in training? Studies show that despite the recognition that training offers an avenue for development of skills, enhancement of productivity, increase in individual and organisational performan ce (Pride etRead MoreEmployee Recruitment And Training Development3550 Words   |  15 PagesEmployee recruitment and training development in HRM Introduction This essay is entitled Employee recruitment and training development in HRM(Human resource management). This paper introduces the definition and content of HRM. By reference to the network and books to further describes the contents of the recruitment and training development of employee. Respectively describe their type, content and advantages and disadvantages. It also describes the importance and impact of human resource management

Containment Early Cold war Essay - 1996 Words

Containment Early Cold war In the early years of the Cold War, both the Truman and Eisenhower administrations pursued a policy of containment to counter perceived Soviet aggression. Generally, the presidential administrations pursued this policy to maintain stability in the international arena, to maintain a balance of power, and also in a sense, to express disapproval of totalitarian, non-democratic regimes. Containment was expressed through a variety of policies and institutions: economic, political and, of course, military. The ways the early presidential administrations defined and implemented containment strategy inevitably changed in focus, importance, and emphasis over time. While both external and internal reasons accounted to†¦show more content†¦Nonetheless, Eisenhower saw an emphasis on trade as advantageous to America, even in the short term. Also, Eisenhower did not accept government economic intervention on a more ideological level -- he considered government planned economies too much l ike socialism. Secondly, the administrations pursued different military strategies. Truman made more of a distinction between nuclear and conventional warfare. He saw that conventional warfare as a more plausible answer to peripheral containment, and clearly valued a strong conventional military. Eisenhower, for economic reasons, was less inclined to spend an exorbitant amount of money on conventional armies across the globe. He succeeded in blurring line between nuclear and conventional warfare and encouraged the idea that he was ready to use nuclear weapons at any time. The Truman administration was more influenced by balance of power considerations than any other considerations, including domestic politics. Because of the external threats to the United States between 1947-1953, it was inevitable that these policies would have been pursued. Most significantly, Stalin at this point was perceived by the Western powers as having expansionist tendencies. Truman saw the Soviets as highly motivated to dominate the world, and committed to aggressively exploiting all opportunities to enlarge their sphere of influence. Considering the context of Truman’s post-W.W.IIShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War Era During World War II1349 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War Era that followed the end of World War II was unlike any Americans had seen before. After defeating Germany and its allies in the war, the United States faced a change on the home front: young Americans rushed into marriage and parenthood in unprecedented numbers. In Homeward Bound: American Families in the Cold War Era, Elaine Tyler May describes these changes from the end of the war through the early 1960s. The author makes a compelling range of arguments about the changes that affectedRead MoreThe Cold War: A New History by John Lewis Gaddis831 Words   |  4 Pageshistory was analyzed. The Cold War is rampant with American foreign policy and influential in shaping the modern world. Strategies of Containment outlines American policy from the end of World War II until present day. Gaddis outlines the policies of presidents Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon, including policies influenced by others such as George Kennan, John Dulles, and Henry Kissinger. The author, John Lewis Gaddis has written many books on the Cold War and is an avid researcherRead MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War1237 Words   |  5 Pagescovering is the Cold War and question number six. The Roosevelt Administration was determined to avoid a retreat like the one that followed WWI. The Unite d States itself had sole possession of the atomic bomb. The United States goal was to expand democracy. America saw that there needed to be global economic reconstruction. The Soviets looked to model the rest of the world after their own values and origins. It indeed had to do with Soviet Expansion. The Russians didn’t want to go to war with the UnitedRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet War845 Words   |  4 PagesThe reason the Cold War was called the Cold War is because there were no physical battles with weapons, tanks, or even artillery, it was a war between capitalism vs. communism, democracy vs. dictatorship. This War actually started when Stalin of the USSR had a conference during the end of WWII who promised the American president, FDR, that he would allow there to be elections, democratic elections, in the Eastern part of Europe which had the soviet dominance. But in the year of 1945, in the PotsdamRead MoreThe War And The Spanish Civil War987 Words   |  4 Pa gesBoth conflicts show that civil war was not the limit of the atrocities people were willing to commit in order to stop the influence of opposing ideologies. In both the Cold War and the Spanish Civil War the most significant air operations were carried in order to stop the spread of Communism. One of the factors that prompted the U.S. into dropping the atomic bombs in Nagasaki and Hiroshima was to stop the war in Japan as soon as possible. Many of Truman’s advisers, such as James F. Byrnes supportedRead MoreThe 70s Are Not Totally Happy `` Days1667 Words   |  7 PagesThe 50s are not totally â€Å" happy† days. In American history the post war 1950s, was a unforgettable era. T.V. shows were made, showing early childhood experiences in 1950s. For example, some shows such as LEAVE IT TO BEAVER and FATHER KNOWS BEST. These shows leave viewers with historical facts from the past. Not everyone was happy, a group of civilians and nonconformists pointed out the flaws in a suburb they believed had no moral, a government that was growing viciously with power. A lifestyleRead MoreContainment: The American Way1372 Words   |  6 Pagescommitment to fight communism after World War II everywhere it could in the world and got involved in conflicts more because of self-interest and determination to beat communism than the cause. This first appears with the Truman Doctrine, which set the precedent for America to assist anti-communist regimes around the world. After World War II and up until the early 1990’s the foreign policy of the United States was based on the policy of the containment of Cold War ideology and to prevent nations fromRead MoreUnited States Containment Policy During the Cold War1003 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the Cold War, Americas basic policy was that of containment of the Soviet Union. The policy of containment was based upon several principles. First, the Soviet Union wanted to spread socialism to all areas of the world. H owever, it was felt that the leadership of the Soviet Union felt no particular rush to accomplish their goal. The Kremlin is under no ideological compulsion to accomplish its purposes in a hurry. Like the Church, it is dealing in ideological concepts which are ofRead MoreThe Sources of Soviet Conduct by George F. Kennan Essay694 Words   |  3 Pages Kennan’s philosophy behind stopping Communism from spreading was through containment, even though the telegraph did not have the word containment in it. The Truman Doctrine was established and the number of Presidents that viewed war in foreign soil. Kennan continued to fight Communism and had inputs and theories on other conflicts to include Vietnam and Korea. George Kennan was an observer of the Russian Civil War aftermath. Kennan served as a Soviet front for two years in Moscow as chiefRead MoreUnited States Containment Policy During The Cold War Essay1023 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the Cold War, Americas basic policy was that of containment of the Soviet Union. The policy of containment was based upon several principles. First, the Soviet Union wanted to spread socialism to all areas of the world. However, it was felt that the leadership of the Soviet Union felt no particular rush to accomplish their goal. The Kremlin is under no ideological compulsion to accomplish its purposes in a hurry. Like the Church, it is dealing in ideological concepts which are of

Abnormal Behavior free essay sample

To reflect on what you have read or studied so far in a course is an essential part of understanding. This worksheet form will provide a place for you to take some time and reflect on understanding how psychology can help you in your everyday life. Please use this week’s readings to assist you. As you have learned, your mental health and wellness can affect your life and how you interact with others as a student, professional, and in your personal relationships. A GCU student learns through the 4 Pillars that physical, mental, and spiritual wellbeing is vital to success in academics in a chosen career field and in life in general. Explain what abnormal and normal behavior is and how to apply wellness strategies by completing the following: Select two of the four case scenarios. Read the scenarios and answer all the questions that follow. Then complete the Wrap-up questions at the end of the assignment. We will write a custom essay sample on Abnormal Behavior or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ______________________________________________________________________ Jamie Single Mom Jamie enrolled in the online Bachelors of Science in Psychology program at GCU in the spring of 2011. She is a single mom with two children under the age of 5 and she works a full-time job as a customer service representative. Jamie is starting to feel overwhelmed with juggling school, work, and spending time with her children. Her physical symptoms are: wanting to cry everyday, sometimes being short with her children, withdrawing from friends and family, and being tired and worn out. She is considering quitting school so that her life will return to some normalcy, but then she worries about how she will pay back her student loans when her current job barely covers her bills. Not only that, but she does not want to give up on her dream of becoming a counselor. Jamie feels as though she is in an endless cycle and does not know how to resolve her feelings and physical symptoms. Her negative thought processes have skewed her thinking. As Jamie’s friend, what steps would you take to assist her? I picked this scenario because I am Jamie. I would reassure her first that for everything she is taking on her feelings are normal. A full time job, full time mother and full time student are heavy loads to carry. We work to pay our bills and take care of our kids and we pursue our education because we realize a degree will help us to  obtain a better job that will in turn provide better for our families. I would stress to create a schedule and make sure to include â€Å"me time† in that schdule. Her emotions are bringing on some depression symptoms and I would challenge her to engage with other people that are also doing what she is doing. There are forums at school of others that are like you. Just having the support of others is a hug e help. What resources could Jamie use (both at school, home, and at work) to help her not feel so alone and isolated? At home I like the idea of keeping a stress journal. So many tasks that need to be done simutaneously can cause stress, which in turn, causes depression and feelings of wanting to give up. A journal allows you to talk about what is bothering you to someone that can’t say anything back. Often I don’t want opininon or comparisons I just want to talk and vent. At work I would utilize the company EAP program. I don’t know of any company that doesn’t offer employee assistance programs that are free to employees and if the symptoms are more severe than you’d like and you can’t seem to control the negativity seek guidance through a psychologist. I know my company offers 8 free sessions. When it comes to help from our school I know that our university offers prayer assitance and I have at times even reached out to find groups of people thay may experience what I am and read teh biographys of students in my class and message people with similar backgrounds as myself. We can usally help each other through each 7 weeks. How could Jamie shift her thinking from a negative perspective to a more hopeful perspective? _________________________________________________________________________ John- Anxiety Disorder – Obsessive Compulsive Disorder John is single and has not worked in sometime. On a daily basis he fears what the day might bring. To make sure that the day goes right he takes 2 showers daily, one after getting up in the morning and one at mid-day. He also makes sure that each household task such as vacuuming, washing dishes, scrubbing the floors, etc is completed by noon every day and marks off these tasks on a checklist. Lastly, at night, he checks his house to make sure all windows and doors are locked. He unlocks and locks the front door at least three (3) times to assure that the lock is working. John is also going to school, as he knows that he needs to find a job and is hoping to be able to do online computer work when he completes his degree. He is currently struggling with his schoolwork as he has started to obsess about certain routines in it as well, such as double- checking with the instructor everyday that he has completed all of his work, posting 5 and 6 times to the classroom, and e-mailing his classmates daily to see if he has missed something. John recognizes that he needs some help, but does not know where to begin. As his friend, what recommendations could you make in helping him reduce his anxiety? What resources on the Internet could John use to help him daily? What might be some types of therapy for John to use to reduce his symptoms of compulsion? _________________________________________________________________________ Tim – Young Adult Tim is finding the freedom of being out on his own exciting and cannot seem to experience enough of his friends and having fun. He is going to school online per his family’s request to â€Å"make something of himself. † Although this is the case, he does see the value of going to school and would eventually like to complete a degree in business. He finds himself not completing his schoolwork on time and is considering dropping out, but does not want to let his parents know he is failing. He is feeling anxious about this as he is getting further and further behind. He does not want to give up on having fun with his friends either and is stuck in not knowing how to manage responsibility to his family’s wishes and maintaining a sense of freedom and autonomy. What are some strategies that Tim could use to balance out his needing to have fun and be a young adult with the increasing need to be responsible? How might you as his friend help Tim stay focused and on track with his schoolwork? If you were Tim’s parent, how might you approach the actions that you are seeing in him in a positive and supportive way? __________________________________________________________________________ Alice Sleep Disorder – Insomnia Alice is an executive at a local business and has struggled since her early adulthood with falling asleep most nights. She says that she feels â€Å"mentally hyperactive† at bedtime, and is unable to stop the thoughts of the day, especially those issues that were unresolved. She also feels that when she does not get all of her work done for the day that she does not â€Å"deserve to go to bed. † Any evening excitement such as a TV show, movie, or a party leaves her unable to quiet herself for hours, which leaves her tossing and turning in bed. Sometimes she finds herself waking up in the middle of the night and her thoughts are again racing about the day’s activities and problems. The lack of sleep leaves her feeling on edge at work the next day with her co-workers and with her fiance. She has tried sleep-aids, but they make her feel groggy the next day and she does not want to become dependent on them. As Alice’s friend, what strategies could you recommend to her towards alleviating her symptoms? What resources are available to assist Alice in finding a solution to her problem? What steps could Alice take in her life to find more balance with work and home? _______________________________________________________________________ Wrap up: After reading the stories and answering the questions, complete this worksheet entry form by answering the following prompts: 1) Based on the 4 scenarios, which scenarios would be considered abnormal behavior? Why? 2) Of the people you chose to read about, how did their symptoms impact their life in a negative way? Explain. 3) How do you relate to the people in the stories you chose? 4) What positive psychology strategies might you use to combat the negative effects of these stressors and/or disorder symptoms?

Tesco Development free essay sample

Explain the three basic decisions that a firm contemplating foreign expansion must make: which markets to enter, when to enter, and on what scale. 2. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of the different modes that firms use to enter foreign markets. 3. Identify the factors that influence a firm’s choice of entry mode. 4. Evaluate the pros and cons of acquisitions versus greenfield ventures as an entry strategy. Chapter Summary This chapter focuses on the basic market entry decisions for firms. The six most common foreign entry strategies are discussed. These are: exporting, turnkey projects, licensing, franchising, establishing a joint venture with a host country firm, and setting up a wholly owned subsidiary in the host country. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these strategies are discussed. Opening Case: General Electric’s Joint Venture Summary The opening case explores General Electric’s change in strategy. For years, General Electric entered new markets using wholly owned operations that it built from the ground up. We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Today however, the company has moved to a joint venture approach. Discussion of the case can revolve around the following questions. General Electric has traditionally followed a strategy of expanding into new markets using wholly owned greenfield ventures. More recently however, the company has shifted to a strategy of forming joint ventures with local companies. Explain why General Electric has made this strategic shift. ANSWER 1: General Electric has shifted away from its traditionally preferred method of entering new markets via wholly owned subsidiaries to entering new markets through joint ventures with local firms for a number of reasons. Two key factors in the strategic shift are the lower risk and cost associated with joint ventures. The company also believes that by linking with local companies, it can gain invaluable knowledge of the local market. In addition, joint ventures have proved to be an easier route in some countries where local laws prohibit other types of entry methods.   What are the disadvantages of General Electric’s new strategy of using joint ventures to enter foreign markets? Most students will probably focus on the fact that joint ventures, while offering firms the opportunity to share costs and risks, also imply that firms are sharing control. General Electric has run into some problems with its joint venture approach. For example, General Electric could not reach an agreement with potential British partner Smiths Group, and ended talks with the company. General Electric has also had to settle for minority stakes in some ventures when it would have preferred to have a majority position. There are several different options open to a firm that wishes to enter a foreign market, including exporting, licensing or franchising to host country firms, setting up a joint venture with a host country firm, or setting up a wholly owned subsidiary in the host country to serve that market. Each of these options has its advantages and each has its disadvantages. C) The magnitude of the advantages and disadvantages associated with each entry mode are determined by a number of different factors, including transport costs and trade barriers, political and economic risks, and firm strategy. The optimal choice of entry mode varies from situation to situation depending upon these various factors. Thus while it may make sense for some firms to serve a given market by exporting, other firms might serve the same market by setting up a wholly owned subsidiary in that market, or by utilizing some other entry mode. basic entry decisions A) There are three basic decisions that a firm contemplating foreign expansion must make: which markets to enter, when to enter those markets, and on what scale. Which Foreign Markets? The choice between different foreign markets must be made on an assessment of their long run profit potential. This is a function of a large number of factors, many of which we have already considered in depth in earlier chapters. C) Other things being equal, the benefit-cost- risk tradeoff is likely to be most favorable in the case of politically stable developed and developing nations that have free market systems, and where there is not a dramatic upsurge in either inflation rates, or private sector debt. It is likely to be least favorable in the case of politically unstable developing nations that operate with a mixed or command economy, or developing nations where speculative financial bubbles have led to excess borrowing. D) If an international business can offer a product that has not been widely available in a market and that satisfies an unmet need, the value of that product to consumers is likely to be much greater than if the international business simply offers the same type of product that indigenous competitors and other foreign entrants are already offering. Management Focus: Tesco’s International Growth Strategy Summary This feature describes Tesco’s international expansion strategy. Tesco, the British grocer, has established operations in a number of foreign countries. Typically, the company seeks underdeveloped markets in developing nations where it can avoid the head-to-head competition that goes on in more crowded markets, and then enters those markets via joint ventures where the local partner provides knowledge of the market while Tesco provides retailing expertise. Discussion of the feature can revolve around the following questions: Suggested Discussion Questions 1. Reflect on Tesco’s decision to expand internationally primarily through establishing operations in developing countries. What makes these countries attractive to Tesco? Discussion Points: When companies make the decision to expand into new markets, they must balance the benefits, costs, and risks of doing business in each market. In Tesco’s case, developing markets were attractive not only because of their size, but also because of the likely future wealth of customers. To increase its chances for success, Tesco has focused on those markets where there are few capable indigenous competitors. Today, Tesco has more than 800 stores outside its home country of the United Kingdom, which generate ? 7. 6 in annually revenues. 2. Why does Tesco believe it is important to transfer its core capabilities to new ventures? How have the company’s partners helped it find success in foreign locations? Discussion Points: Tesco’s success in international markets is remarkable. In 2005, every one of the company’s foreign ventures was profitable. The company attributes its success to the transfer of its core competencies to each location. At the same time, the company believes that local management is important, and so it hires locally, but provides oversight from the United Kingdom. Tesco also feels that its partners in Asia, and their deep knowledge of the local market have played a significant role in its success in the region. Teaching Tip: To learn more about Tesco’s international operations, go to {http://www. tescocorporate. com/home. htm}. Timing of Entry. Once a set of attractive markets has been identified, it is important to consider the timing of entry. With regard to the timing of entry, we say that entry is early when an international business enters a foreign market before other foreign firms, and late when it enters after other international businesses have already established themselves in the market. F) There are several advantages frequently associated with entering a market early. These are commonly known as first mover advantages. One first mover advantage is the ability to pre-empt rivals and capture demand by establishing a strong brand name. A second advantage is the ability to build up sales volume in that country and ride down the experience curve ahead of rivals. To the extent that this is possible, it gives the early entrant a cost advantage over later entrants. This cost advantage may enable the early entrant to respond to later entry by cutting prices below the (higher) cost structure of later entrants, thereby driving them out of the market. A third advantage is the ability of early entrants to create switching costs that tie customers into their products or services. Such switching costs make it difficult for later entrants to win business. G) It is important to realize that there can also be disadvantages associated with entering a foreign market before other international businesses (these are often referred to as first mover disadvantages) H) Pioneering costs are costs that an early entrant has to bear that a later entrant can avoid. Pioneering costs arise when a business system in a foreign country is so different from that in a firm’s home market that the enterprise has to devote considerable time, effort and expense to learning the rules of the game. Pioneering costs include the costs of business failure if the firm, due to its ignorance of the foreign environment, makes some major mistakes. Pioneering costs also include the costs of promoting and establishing a product offering, including then cost of educating customers. Scale of Entry and Strategic Commitments I) Another issue that an international business needs to consider when contemplating market entry is the scale of entry. Entering a market on a large scale involves the commitment of resources to that venture. The consequences of entering on a significant scale are associated with the alue of the resulting strategic commitments. A strategic commitment is a decision that has a long term impact and is difficult to reverse. Deciding to enter a foreign market on a significant scale is a major strategic commitment. Significant strategic commitments are neither unambiguously good nor bad. Rather, they tend to change the competitive playing field and unleash a number of changes, some of which may be desirable and some of which will not be. J) Small-scale entry has the advantage of allowing a firm to learn about a foreign market while simultaneously limiting the firm’s exposure to that market. It is important to realize that there are no â€Å"right† decisions here, just decisions that are associated with different levels of risk and reward. Management Focus: The Jollibee Phenomenon—A Philippine Multinational Summary This feature describes the remarkable success story of Jollibee. Jollibee, a fast food chain from the Philippines, not only stood its ground when McDonald’s invaded its market in 1981, but also managed to find the weaknesses in the larger company’s global strategy and capitalize on them. Jollibee, unlike McDonald’s, tailored its menu to the local market. The company was able to build on this localization strategy as it expanded into neighboring Asian countries and the Middle East. Today, Jollibee has even managed to find success in the United States where it is being hailed as a strong niche player. Discussion of the feature can begin with the following questions: Suggested Discussion Questions 1. How would Christopher Bartlett and Sumantra Ghoshal view Jollibee’s performance to date? Discussion Points: Many students will probably suggest that Bartlett and Ghoshal would have a positive view of Jollibee’s performance so far. Jollibee has managed to survive McDonald’s push into the Philippines, learn from the company, and even capitalize on gaps in McDonald’s strategy of having an essentially standardized marketing approach. Now, Jollibee has successfully entered McDonald’s home market, and become a niche player in the fast food industry, and is making plans to expand into India. 2. A key difference between McDonald’s global strategy and that of Jollibee is that McDonald’s sees its path to success as offering a fairly standardized menu everywhere whereas Jollibee views localization as its ticket to success. In your opinion, would Jollibee have achieved its current position in the market if the company had standardized its menu like McDonald’s? Discussion Points: Most students will probably argue that Jollibee’s competitive advantage is that it offers fast food tailored to local tastes, and that if the company pursued a standardized approach it would have failed. Students might note that McDonald’s global success with this strategy is due in part to the fact that it is a symbol of America, and as such offers an American experience in other markets. Because Jollibee does not have this type of global reputation, it must look for alternative ways to compete. Teaching Tip: It is worth visiting Jollibee’s web page to see the American influence on the company. Go to {http://www. jollibee. com. ph/} and click on â€Å"International† to explore some of the company’s foreign locations. entry modes A) These are six different ways to enter a foreign market – exporting, turnkey projects, licensing, franchising, establishing joint ventures with host country firms, or setting up a new wholly owned subsidiary in the host country. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages.